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Cooperative Learning
from Classroom Instruction that Works Robert J. Marzano, Debra, J . Pickering, Jane E. Pollock, MCREL, 2001.
Summary of Research on Cooperative Learning
- Organizing groups based on ability should be done sparingly.
- Cooperative groups should be kept small in size.
- Cooperative learning should be applied consistently and systematically, but not overused.
Cooperative Learning five defining elements: 1. Positive interdependence 2. Face-to-face interaction 3. Individual and group accountability 4. Interpersonal and small group skills 5. Group processing
Classroom Practice in Cooperative Learning
- Use a variety of criteria for grouping students.
- Use avariety of group patterns: Informal or ad hoc (last few minutesof a class period), formal (long enough to complete an academicproject) and base groups (semester or year, providing students withlong-term support).
- Managing group size - keep groups small.
- Combine cooperative learning with other classroom strategies.
Technology Resources
- Title: The Great Solar System Rescue, The Great Ocean, Tom Snyder Products
- Grade Level: 5-8
- Curricular Area: Science
- Description: Students must use cooperative learning inorder to solve the problems presented.
- Title: WebQuests
- Grade Level: All grade levels
- Curricular Areas: All content areas
- Title: George Lucas Foundation Instructional Module
Software Applications
- Title: Word Processing
- Grade Level:
- Curricular Area:
- Description: Students can collaborate, share information and peer edit using theComments or Track Changes features. Students can collaboratewriting progressive stories.
- Resources: MS Word
- Website Link: http://www.microsoft.com/education
- Title: Email
- Grade Level:
- Curricular Area:
- Description: Students could join e-pal projects, share documents via attachments.
- Resources:
- Website Link: Gaggle email - http://www.gaggle.net - provides teacher-controlled email student accounts for them to exchange and share information.
- Title: Multimedia Project
- Title: Web page editing
- Title: Spreadsheets
- Title: Resources
- Grade Level:
- Curricular Area: any
- Description: Screen Timer allows teachers to set a timer on their computer screen. This is especially helpful when doing cooperative learning activities.
- Resources:
- Website Link: http://www.ncrtec.org/timer/
- Title: Resources
- Grade Level:
- Curricular Area: any
- Description: Virtual Timer allows teachers to set a timer on their computer screen. This is especially helpful when doing cooperative learning activities.
- Resources:
- Website Link: http://www.timeme.com/timer.htm
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